E3 Journal of Environmental Research and Management

E3 Journal of Environmental Research and Management Vol. 5 (8) pp. 0148-0155, August 2014; © E3 Journals; ISSN 2141-7466

Using irradiated human lymphocytes as a double treatment solution to assess the Genotoxicity of Arsenic (As3+) and Lead (Pb2+) in type and frequency of chromosome aberrations

Abstract

Chromosome aberrations (CA) induced in human lymphocytes by the combined Arsenic (As) or Lead (Pb) with gamma rays treatments in seven groups: As alone, Pb alone, gamma rays alone, As/gamma, gamma/As, Pb/gamma and gamma/Pb. were investigated. The mitotic index (MI) was not altered in the cultures treated by Pb alone in the range of concentrations from 0.05 to 2.0 g/ml, but decreased by As alone in the range of concentrations from 0.05 g/ml to 0.10 g/ml. CA frequencies induced by Pb or As alone treatments also Pb combined treatments were maintained equal, but there were changed in the As combined treatments in the same group of gamma rays dose. A change of dicentric (Di.) frequencies in the As/gamma combinations with the same gamma rays dose was clearly and it seems to decrease in dose of 0.5 Gy clearer than in dose of 0.10 Gy, it means that the influence of Arsenic action to biodosimetry in low dose was stronger than in high dose. The tendency of Di. and fragments (Fra.) in the gamma/As combinations was also the same of those in As/gamma. In fact, the Arsenic action had still inactivated the repair enzymes after 60 minutes of irradiation. The decrease of Di. frequencies and increase of Fra. frequencies in the combinations with the same dose of gamma rays and difference Arsenic concentrations were according to inactivation of repair enzymes.

Keywords: Arsenic; Lead; gamma rays; DNA damage; repair enzyme; cohesive free ends; blunt free-ends; un blunt free-ends.