E3 Journal of Medical Research

E3 Journal of Medical Research Vol. 3 (1) pp. 006-012, January 2014; © E3 Journals; ISSN 2276-9900

Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Juice, Acetone, Methanol and Ethanol Leaf extract of Andrographis Paniculata (King of Bitters)

Abstract

The rate of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria has justified the need for continuous search for other sources of drug especially from natural plant. Claims of medicinal properties including antibacterial activities of Andrographis paniculata extract sprang from traditional use and also of its ethanol leaf extract, we therefore compare several methods of extraction to see the one with most anti-bacterial activities among the various preparations.The plant extract was prepared both by crushing (raw juice/liquid extract) and use of solvents (ethanol, acetone and methanol). Bacteria isolates from human specimens were collected and identified. The agar diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial properties of the extract with standard antibiotic discs and with Bridelia extract for comparison. Forty-nine bacteria isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Klebsiellaoxytoca, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Yersinia intermidis) were tested. Both the raw juice extract and extraction with various solvents failed to show any appreciable inhibition of bacteria growth. The standard antibiotic discs and Bridelia extract produced zone of inhibition. Various extracts of Andrographis paniculata did not exhibit appreciable antibacterial activity.

Keywords: Androgaphis paniculata extract; antibacterial activity; Zone of inhibition; Agar diffusion; Gram positive; Gram negative.