E3 Journal of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research

E3 Journal of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 3 (6) pp. 118-122, August 2012; © E3 Journals; ISSN 2141-7474

Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of extract of the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica for medicinal importance

Abstract

Phytochemical screening of the fruit of Xylopia aethiopica confirmed the presence of Saponin, Saponin glycoside, Tannin, Balsam, Cardiac glycoside and Volatile oil. Spectrophotometric analysis for trace metals (such as Mg, Zn, Cu, Ni and Fe), Phosphorus and Sulphur showed that X. aethiopica contained Mg(0.370+0.002 mg/100g), Zn (1.020+0.001 mg/100g), Cu (0.274+0.004 mg/100g), Ni (1.099+0.001 mg/100g), Fe (0.690+0.002 mg/100g), P (30.62+0.02 mg/100g) and S (100.50+0.51 mg/100g). The medicinal properties were evaluated in-vitro by antimicrobial and antifungal assays. The aqueous and petroleum ether extracts showed growth inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericha coli but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were resistant to the fruit extract and the antibiotic controls. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) on S. aureus and E. coli were 12.50 mg and 6.25 mg respectively. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the crude extract against the test organism ranged from 12.50 mg to 25.00mg.

Keywords: antimicrobial, herbal, pharmaceutical, phytochemical, X. aethiopica